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Artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer a phenomenon confined to research labs: it has become a global strategic axis. From Silicon Valley to Shenzhen—through Brussels, Tel Aviv, and Dubai—governments, companies, and entire societies are competing for leadership in a race that blends innovation, regulation, geopolitics, and economic development.
The report AI Regulations Worldwide outlines a landscape where dominance of the global AI conversation is highly concentrated, yet regional hubs with distinct characteristics are also emerging. While some countries prioritize ethical regulation, others focus on technological competition, and others seek to enter the value chain through international cooperation.
Three major players concentrate most of the global spotlight in AI:
Outside the U.S.–China–EU axis, other regions are also gaining relevance in the global AI debate:
The conversation isn’t measured only through regulation or launches, but also through adoption. In 2024, the number of active users of AI tools grew steadily worldwide. According to the report, ChatGPT surpassed 400 million monthly active users, consolidating itself as the most widely used application globally. Other notable platforms include:
This reflects a globalized but still polarized ecosystem, where the most widely used platforms depend on the regulatory and infrastructure decisions of a handful of countries.
Even though technological leadership is concentrated in a few companies, the conversation around AI risks, rights, and responsibilities continues to expand. The European Union is leading the push for human-centered AI, while in Latin America and Africa, initiatives are emerging to adapt these principles to local contexts.
In this debate, issues such as misinformation, biometric data use, algorithmic discrimination, and environmental impact are gaining prominence. The growing public demand for stricter regulation—76% of respondents calling for an international AI law—shows that leadership in this conversation is no longer measured only by innovation, but also by credibility, responsibility, and principles.
The uneven distribution of power in the global AI conversation creates several challenges:
That is why experts agree that international cooperation is essential to ensure AI does not reproduce—or even deepen—existing global inequalities.
AI is a form of real power: it shapes economies, governs information, and influences both public and private decisions. In the global AI conversation, the United States leads innovation, China delivers scale, and the European Union sets the regulatory pace. But beyond that triangle, interest is growing in participating, influencing, and building local models.
The question that remains open is whether AI leadership will be shared, inclusive, and ethical… or whether it will remain in the hands of a few who will decide for everyone what the automated future of the world will look like.
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